{"id":600,"date":"2025-09-10T15:57:49","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T12:57:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/destek.narhost.com\/?p=600"},"modified":"2026-09-12T10:37:18","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T07:37:18","slug":"ubuntu-ve-centos-plesk-502-hatasinin-cozumu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-ve-centos-plesk-502-hatasinin-cozumu\/","title":{"rendered":"Plesk 502 Bad Gateway Hatas\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc (Ubuntu\/AlmaLinux)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 Ubuntu 24.04, AlmaLinux 9 ve Plesk Obsidian resm\u00ee dok\u00fcman\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><code>502 Bad Gateway<\/code> hatas\u0131 ziyaret\u00e7i olarak siteye girmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; site sahibiyseniz <strong>Plesk 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131<\/strong> \u00e7o\u011funlukla nginx&#8217;in arkas\u0131ndaki PHP-FPM havuzunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesinden ya da yan\u0131t vermemesinden kaynaklan\u0131r ve PHP-FPM servisini yeniden ba\u015flatmak \u00e7o\u011fu durumda yeterlidir.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Konsol\/SSH ile sunucuya ba\u011flan\u0131n (yaln\u0131z VPS\/VDS&#8217;nizde).<\/li>\n<li><code>systemctl status plesk-php81-fpm<\/code> ile ilgili PHP-FPM servisinin durumunu kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li>Servis durmu\u015fsa <code>systemctl restart plesk-php81-fpm<\/code> ile yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Plesk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, AlmaLinux 8\/9 (VPS, VDS)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>root \/ sudo, SSH eri\u015fimi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"VPS Sunucu - Narhost\">VPS Sunucu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucuya SSH ile ba\u011flanabilen root\/sudo yetkili bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z olsun.<\/li>\n<li>Hatan\u0131n t\u00fcm sitelerde mi yoksa tek bir alan ad\u0131nda m\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 not edin; bu, PHP-FPM havuzunun genel mi yoksa alan ad\u0131na \u00f6zel mi oldu\u011funu ay\u0131rt etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/li>\n<li>Servisleri yeniden ba\u015flatmadan \u00f6nce \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yapan ba\u015fka bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun; k\u0131sa bir kesinti ya\u015fan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Plesk 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131 neden olu\u015fur<\/h2>\n<p>Ziyaret\u00e7i taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131nda <code>502 Bad Gateway<\/code> g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bu, sunucudaki nginx&#8217;in arka planda iste\u011fi PHP-FPM&#8217;e iletti\u011fi ama PHP-FPM&#8217;den zaman\u0131nda ya da hi\u00e7 yan\u0131t alamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir; hata sitenizin koduyla de\u011fil, sunucudaki iki servis aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimle ilgilidir. Site sahibi olarak en s\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 nedenle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z: PHP-FPM havuzu bellek limitine tak\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f olabilir, bir istek tan\u0131ml\u0131 zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresini a\u015fm\u0131\u015f olabilir ya da nginx veya PHP-FPM servisi hi\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor olabilir.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ubuntu-ve-centos-plesk-502-hatasinin-cozumu-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"Plesk 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131 te\u015fhis ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2014 nginx ve PHP-FPM servis durumu, hata g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri, bellek ve zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ayar\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>502 hatas\u0131nda s\u0131rayla servis durumu, hata g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri, bellek limiti ve zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ayarlar\u0131 kontrol edilir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>S\u0131rayla te\u015fhis<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6nce hangi servisin durdu\u011funu bulun: <code>systemctl status nginx<\/code> ve <code>systemctl status plesk-php81-fpm<\/code> (PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcze g\u00f6re servis ad\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fir, <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.plesk.com\/en-US\/obsidian\/administrator-guide\/web-hosting\/php-management\/configuring-php-handlers.75149\/\" title=\"Plesk resm\u00ee dok\u00fcmantasyonu - PHP i\u015fleyicileri yap\u0131land\u0131rma\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Plesk&#8217;in PHP i\u015fleyici dok\u00fcmantasyonuna g\u00f6re<\/a><code>Tools &amp; Settings \u2192 PHP Ayarlar\u0131<\/code> alt\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr) komutlar\u0131yla her iki servisin de &#8220;active (running)&#8221; durumda olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131n. Servisler \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa hata g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerine ge\u00e7in: <code>\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda &#8220;upstream&#8221; ya da &#8220;connection refused&#8221; sat\u0131rlar\u0131 PHP-FPM ile ileti\u015fim koptu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir, <code>\/var\/log\/plesk-php81-fpm\/error.log<\/code> alt\u0131ndaki g\u00fcnl\u00fckler ise PHP-FPM&#8217;in kendi \u00e7\u00f6kme ya da zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 tutar.<\/p>\n<h2>Plesk&#8217;te 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc: ad\u0131m ad\u0131m<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>SSH ile sunucuya ba\u011flan\u0131p PHP-FPM servisinin durumunu kontrol edin.<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl status plesk-php81-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: servis &#8220;failed&#8221; ya da &#8220;inactive&#8221; g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa 502&#8217;nin kayna\u011f\u0131 budur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n, ard\u0131ndan nginx&#8217;i yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl restart plesk-php81-fpmsystemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: her iki komut da \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 vermeden tamamlan\u0131r, servisler &#8220;active (running)&#8221; durumuna d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hata g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerde bellek limitine (&#8220;out of memory&#8221; ya da &#8220;child exited on signal&#8221;) i\u015faret ediyorsa Plesk panelinden ilgili aboneli\u011fin PHP ayarlar\u0131na girip <code>pm.max_children<\/code> de\u011ferini sunucudaki bo\u015f belle\u011fe g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn ya da y\u00fckseltin.<\/strong> De\u011fer \u00e7ok y\u00fcksekse bellek t\u00fckenip PHP-FPM \u00e7\u00f6ker, \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckse e\u015fzamanl\u0131 istekler kuyrukta bekleyip zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frar.\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: ayar kaydedildikten sonra PHP-FPM otomatik olarak yeniden ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hata uzun s\u00fcren isteklerde (b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya y\u00fckleme, a\u011f\u0131r rapor sorgusu) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorsa PHP&#8217;nin <code>max_execution_time<\/code> de\u011ferini ve nginx&#8217;in <a href=\"https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/http\/ngx_http_proxy_module.html#proxy_read_timeout\" title=\"nginx resm\u00ee dok\u00fcmantasyonu - proxy_read_timeout y\u00f6nergesi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proxy_read_timeout<\/a> y\u00f6nergesini birlikte art\u0131r\u0131n.<\/strong>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: uzun s\u00fcren istekler 502 yerine normal \u015fekilde tamamlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>PHP-FPM ve nginx servislerini yeniden ba\u015flatmak sunucudaki t\u00fcm sitelerde birka\u00e7 saniyelik k\u0131sa bir kesintiye yol a\u00e7ar; yo\u011fun trafikli bir siteyse i\u015flemi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck trafikli bir saatte yap\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Etkilenen alan ad\u0131n\u0131 taray\u0131c\u0131da yeniden a\u00e7\u0131p sayfan\u0131n normal y\u00fcklendi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcn; <code>systemctl status plesk-php81-fpm<\/code> ve <code>systemctl status nginx<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ikisinin de &#8220;active (running)&#8221; g\u00f6stermesi ve <code>\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code> dosyas\u0131na yeni &#8220;upstream&#8221; hatas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmemesi i\u015flemin kal\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu do\u011frular.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Servisler &#8220;active&#8221; g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ama hata s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/strong> Sorun DNS ya da nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda olabilir; Plesk panelinden ilgili aboneli\u011fin nginx ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hata yaln\u0131zca yo\u011fun saatlerde \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/strong> PHP-FPM havuzu kaynak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na tak\u0131l\u0131yor demektir; kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in sunucu kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/islemci-cpu-yuku-ve-performansi-nasil-takip-edilir\/\" title=\"\u0130\u015flemci (CPU) y\u00fck\u00fc ve performans takibi - Narhost Destek\">CPU y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc izleyerek<\/a> takip edin ve gerekirse paketinizi y\u00fckseltin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>De\u011fi\u015fiklik sonras\u0131 servisler hi\u00e7 ba\u015flam\u0131yor.<\/strong> Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda s\u00f6zdizimi hatas\u0131 olabilir; <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-servisini-durdurma-ve-aktif-etme\/\" title=\"Linux servisini durdurma ve aktif etme - Narhost Destek\">servis durdurma\/ba\u015flatma kart\u0131ndaki<\/a> komutlarla servisi tekrar deneyin ve hata \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okuyun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: alan ad\u0131, hatan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 saat, denedi\u011finiz servis yeniden ba\u015flatma ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ve varsa <code>\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi a\u00e7\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonraki ad\u0131mlar<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/site-bazen-acilmiyorsa-ne-yapilmali\/\" title=\"Site A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yor \u2014 Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Te\u015fhis Rehberi - Narhost Destek\">Site A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131yor \u2014 Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Te\u015fhis Rehberi (konu merkezi)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-server\/\" title=\"VPS ve VDS sunucu y\u00f6netimi kartlar\u0131 - Narhost Destek\">Sunucu Y\u00f6netimi kartlar\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/almalinux-plesk-panel-kurulumu\/\" title=\"AlmaLinux Plesk panel kurulumu - Narhost Destek\">Plesk panel kurulumu<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/islemci-cpu-yuku-ve-performansi-nasil-takip-edilir\/\" title=\"\u0130\u015flemci (CPU) y\u00fck\u00fc ve performans takibi - Narhost Destek\">CPU y\u00fck\u00fc ve performans takibi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-servisini-durdurma-ve-aktif-etme\/\" title=\"Linux servisini durdurma ve aktif etme - Narhost Destek\">Linux servisini durdurma ve aktif etme<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Plesk 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131 ile 504 Gateway Timeout aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n<p>502&#8217;de nginx, PHP-FPM&#8217;den hi\u00e7 yan\u0131t alamaz ya da ba\u011flant\u0131 reddedilir (servis \u00e7\u00f6km\u00fc\u015f\/durmu\u015f); 504&#8217;te PHP-FPM \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ama yan\u0131t\u0131 tan\u0131ml\u0131 s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde tamamlayamaz. \u0130kisi de ayn\u0131 zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve kaynak ayarlar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilidir.<\/p>\n<h3>PHP-FPM servisinin tam ad\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l bulurum?<\/h3>\n<p><code>systemctl list-units --type=service | grep php<\/code> komutuyla sunucudaki PHP-FPM servislerini listeleyebilir ya da Plesk panelinde Tools &amp; Settings \u2192 PHP Ayarlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda aboneli\u011finize atanm\u0131\u015f PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3>Servisleri yeniden ba\u015flatmak veri kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r; <code>systemctl restart<\/code> yaln\u0131zca ilgili servisi durdurup tekrar ba\u015flat\u0131r, veritaban\u0131 ya da dosyalara dokunmaz. Yeniden ba\u015flatma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca birka\u00e7 saniyelik eri\u015fim kesintisi olur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plesk 502 Bad Gateway hatas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla PHP-FPM havuzunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesinden ya da zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r; Ubuntu ve AlmaLinux&#8217;ta servis kontrol\u00fc, g\u00fcnl\u00fck okuma ve pm.max_children ayar\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[169,208],"class_list":["post-600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vps-server","tag-nginx","tag-php-fpm"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=600"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":690,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/600\/revisions\/690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}