{"id":536,"date":"2025-09-10T12:48:41","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T09:48:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/destek.narhost.com\/?p=536"},"modified":"2026-09-12T15:11:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T12:11:04","slug":"linux-servisini-durdurma-ve-aktif-etme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-servisini-durdurma-ve-aktif-etme\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux&#8217;ta Servis Nas\u0131l Durdurulur ve Aktif Edilir (systemctl)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son do\u011frulama: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 Ubuntu 24.04 test sunucusunda denendi<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>Linux servis durdurma aktif etme<\/strong> i\u015flemi systemd tabanl\u0131 her sunucuda ayn\u0131 komut ailesiyle yap\u0131l\u0131r: <code>systemctl stop &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> anl\u0131k durdurur, <code>systemctl start &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131r, <code>systemctl enable &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> sunucu yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar, <code>systemctl disable &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> bu otomatik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 kapat\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u00d6nce <code>systemctl status &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> ile servisin \u015fu anki durumunu g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/li>\n<li>Durdurmak i\u00e7in <code>sudo systemctl stop &lt;servis&gt;<\/code>, yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in <code>sudo systemctl restart &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 <code>sudo systemctl enable &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> ya da <code>disable &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> ile ayarlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir; i\u015flem i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>systemd tabanl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar: Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, Debian 12, AlmaLinux 8\/9, Rocky 9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun root ya da sudo yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuzda root ya da sudo yetkiniz olsun.<\/li>\n<li>Durduraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z servisin ad\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak bilin; <code>systemctl list-units --type=service<\/code> ile mevcut servisleri listeleyebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li>Servis canl\u0131 trafi\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorsa (web sunucusu, veritaban\u0131) durdurma an\u0131nda kesinti ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Linux Servis Durdurma ve Aktif Etme Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar<\/h2>\n<p>Linux servis durdurma aktif etme ihtiyac\u0131 en \u00e7ok \u00fc\u00e7 durumda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden sonra servisi yeniden ba\u015flatmak, kaynak t\u00fcketen ya da hatal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir servisi ge\u00e7ici olarak kapatmak, ya da kullan\u0131lmayan bir servisin sunucu her a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek. Modern da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n tamam\u0131 <code>systemd<\/code> kullan\u0131r; servisler (birim\/unit olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r) <code>systemctl<\/code> komutuyla y\u00f6netilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ki farkl\u0131 durum birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131: <strong>active\/inactive<\/strong> servisin \u015fu anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, <strong>enabled\/disabled<\/strong> ise sunucu yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Bir servis aktif ama devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 (disabled) olabilir; bu durumda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder ama sunucu yeniden ba\u015flarsa kendili\u011finden a\u00e7\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-servisini-durdurma-ve-aktif-etme-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"Linux servis durdurma aktif etme ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 durum g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme, durdurma\/ba\u015flatma, otomatik ba\u015flatma ayar\u0131 ve servis listeleme ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Durum kontrol\u00fcnden listelemeye d\u00f6rt ad\u0131m: systemctl ile servisi y\u00f6netin.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Servis Durdurma ve Aktif Etme<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Servisin Durumunu G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyin<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Servisin \u015fu anki durumunu sorgulay\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl status cron<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131): <code>\u25cf cron.service - Regular background program processing daemon<\/code>, <code>Loaded: loaded (...; enabled; preset: enabled)<\/code>, <code>Active: active (running) since ...<\/code>, <code>Main PID: 1305 (cron)<\/code>. &#8220;Loaded&#8221; sat\u0131r\u0131ndaki <code>enabled<\/code> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta otomatik ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, &#8220;Active&#8221; sat\u0131r\u0131ndaki <code>active (running)<\/code> \u015fu an \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>2. Servisi Durdurun, Ba\u015flat\u0131n ya da Yeniden Ba\u015flat\u0131n<\/h3>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>Bir servisi durdurmadan \u00f6nce ona ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 ba\u015fka bir servis olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin (<code>systemctl list-dependencies &lt;servis&gt;<\/code>); \u00f6rne\u011fin bir web uygulamas\u0131 veritaban\u0131 servisine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131ysa, veritaban\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak uygulamay\u0131 da \u00e7\u00f6kertir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Servisi durdurun:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl stop &lt;servis&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: komut sessizce biter; <code>systemctl status &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> art\u0131k &#8220;Active: inactive (dead)&#8221; g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Servisi ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl start &lt;servis&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: komut sessizce biter; durum tekrar &#8220;Active: active (running)&#8221; olur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yap\u0131land\u0131rma de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden sonra yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl restart &lt;servis&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: servis durdurulup yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r; yaln\u0131zca ayar dosyas\u0131n\u0131 yeniden okutmak yeterliyse <code>systemctl reload &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> kesintisiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r (her servis desteklemez).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>3. A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta Otomatik Ba\u015flamay\u0131 Ayarlay\u0131n<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>\u015eu anki ayar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl is-enabled ssh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131): <code>disabled<\/code>. Bu, SSH&#8217;\u0131n \u015fu an \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 (<code>systemctl is-active ssh<\/code> &#8220;active&#8221; d\u00f6ner) ama sunucu yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda systemd taraf\u0131ndan otomatik a\u00e7\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir; baz\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m imajlar\u0131nda SSH soket etkinle\u015ftirmeyle a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r ve bu sat\u0131r normaldir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n ya da kapat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl enable &lt;servis&gt;sudo systemctl disable &lt;servis&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: <code>enable<\/code> &#8220;Created symlink &#8230;&#8221; mesaj\u0131 verir; <code>disable<\/code> ilgili symlink&#8217;i kald\u0131r\u0131r. <code>systemctl is-enabled &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> ile sonucu do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>4. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcm Servisleri Listeleyin<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Sunucudaki aktif servisleri toplu g\u00f6r\u00fcn:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f): <code>cron.service loaded active running<\/code>, <code>rsyslog.service loaded active running<\/code>, <code>ssh.service loaded active running<\/code>, <code>systemd-journald.service loaded active running<\/code> \u2014 bo\u015f bir VDS&#8217;te bile systemd, g\u00fcnl\u00fckleme ve zamanlanm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6rev servisleri her zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p><code>systemctl status &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131nda &#8220;Active&#8221; sat\u0131r\u0131 bekledi\u011finiz durumu (running ya da dead) g\u00f6steriyorsa ve <code>systemctl is-enabled &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> istedi\u011finiz a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 (enabled\/disabled) do\u011fruluyorsa i\u015flem tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>&#8220;Unit not found&#8221; hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorsunuz.<\/strong> Servis ad\u0131n\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f yazm\u0131\u015f olabilirsiniz; <code>systemctl list-units --type=service --all<\/code> ile tam ad\u0131n\u0131 bulun.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Servis durduruldu ama uygulama h\u00e2l\u00e2 hata veriyor.<\/strong> Sunucunuz genel olarak yava\u015fl\u0131yor olabilir; <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/top-htop-ile-kaynak-izleme\/\" title=\"top ve htop ile Sunucu CPU\/RAM Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u0130zlenir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">CPU ve RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 top\/htop ile izleyin<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8220;Failed to restart&#8221; hatas\u0131 veriyor.<\/strong> Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda hata olabilir; servise \u00f6zel log&#8217;u <code>journalctl -u &lt;servis&gt; -n 50<\/code> ile inceleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disk dolulu\u011fundan servis ba\u015flam\u0131yor.<\/strong> \u00d6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/\" title=\"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">disk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 denetleyin<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucunuzun IP adresi, i\u015fletim sisteminiz, durdurmaya\/ba\u015flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z servis ad\u0131 ve <code>systemctl status &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonraki ad\u0131mlar<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi (10 Ad\u0131mda G\u00fcvenli Kurulum) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS VDS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/top-htop-ile-kaynak-izleme\/\" title=\"top ve htop ile Sunucu CPU\/RAM Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u0130zlenir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">top ve htop ile kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izleme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/\" title=\"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Disk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 denetleme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/swap-alani-nasil-olusturulur\/\" title=\"Swap Alan\u0131 Nas\u0131l Olu\u015fturulur \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Swap alan\u0131 olu\u015fturma<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-docker-kurulumu\/\" title=\"Ubuntu Docker Kurulumu \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Ubuntu&#8217;da Docker kurulumu (Docker da systemd servisi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>systemctl stop ile kill aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/h3>\n<p><code>systemctl stop<\/code> servisi kendi kapanma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcyle (SIGTERM, ard\u0131ndan gerekirse SIGKILL) d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015fekilde sonland\u0131r\u0131r; <code>kill<\/code> komutuyla s\u00fcreci do\u011frudan \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek a\u00e7\u0131k dosya ve ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 atlayabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Servisi disable ettim ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, neden?<\/h3>\n<p><code>disable<\/code> yaln\u0131zca a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015ftaki otomatik ba\u015flamay\u0131 kapat\u0131r, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan servisi durdurmaz. Servisi an\u0131nda kapatmak i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca <code>systemctl stop &lt;servis&gt;<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3>mask komutu ne i\u015fe yarar?<\/h3>\n<p><code>systemctl mask &lt;servis&gt;<\/code>, servisi <code>\/dev\/null<\/code>&#8216;a ba\u011flayarak hem manuel hem de ba\u015fka bir servis taraf\u0131ndan tetiklenerek ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen engeller; <code>disable<\/code>&#8216;dan daha kat\u0131d\u0131r ve geri almak i\u00e7in <code>unmask<\/code> gerekir. T\u00fcm alt komutlar\u0131n tam listesi <a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/systemctl.1.html\" title=\"systemctl resmi man sayfas\u0131 (man7.org)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">systemctl&#8217;in resmi man sayfas\u0131nda<\/a> yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux servis durdurma aktif etme: systemctl status\/stop\/start\/restart\/enable\/disable komutlar\u0131, active\/enabled fark\u0131 ve Ubuntu 24.04 test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,13],"tags":[214],"class_list":["post-536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vds-server","category-vps-server","tag-systemctl"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/536","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=536"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":746,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/536\/revisions\/746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=536"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}