{"id":527,"date":"2025-09-10T16:22:33","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T13:22:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/destek.narhost.com\/?p=527"},"modified":"2026-09-12T04:32:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T01:32:06","slug":"debian-guncelleme-nasil-yapilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/debian-guncelleme-nasil-yapilir\/","title":{"rendered":"Sunucu Paketleri Nas\u0131l G\u00fcncellenir (AlmaLinux dnf \/ Ubuntu-Debian apt) (VPS \u0130lk Kurulum 6\/10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 AlmaLinux 9, Rocky 9 ve Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04 resm\u00ee dok\u00fcman\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sunucu paketleri nas\u0131l g\u00fcncellenir<\/strong> sorusunun cevab\u0131 i\u015fletim sisteminize g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir: Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da <code>apt update<\/code> ard\u0131ndan <code>apt upgrade<\/code>, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <code>dnf update<\/code> ile mevcut paketler en son s\u00fcr\u00fcme y\u00fckseltilir.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ubuntu\/Debian: <code>sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>AlmaLinux\/Rocky: <code>sudo dnf update<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Kernel g\u00fcncellendiyse sunucuyu yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n; panel kurulu sunucularda panelin kendi g\u00fcncelleme mekanizmas\u0131na dikkat edin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir; panel kurulu sunucularda panelin kendi g\u00fcncelleme arac\u0131na dikkat edilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>AlmaLinux 9, Rocky 9 (dnf) \u00b7 Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, Debian 12 (apt)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun root ya da sudo yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuzda root ya da sudo yetkiniz olsun.<\/li>\n<li>Kapsaml\u0131 bir g\u00fcncellemeden \u00f6nce sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n sundu\u011fu anl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc (snapshot) \u00f6zelli\u011fini kullanarak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f noktas\u0131 olu\u015fturun.<\/li>\n<li>Kernel g\u00fcncellemesi sunucuyu yeniden ba\u015flatmay\u0131 gerektirebilir; bunu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck trafikli bir zaman aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda planlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir: i\u015fletim sistemi ve \u00fczerindeki paketler sizin sorumlulu\u011funuzdad\u0131r, Narhost yaln\u0131zca altyap\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Sunucu Paketleri Nas\u0131l G\u00fcncellenir, Neden \u00d6nemlidir<\/h2>\n<p>G\u00fcncel olmayan paketler bilinen g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sunucuda a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131r; \u00e7o\u011fu sald\u0131r\u0131 yeni bir zafiyetten de\u011fil, aylard\u0131r yamalanmam\u0131\u015f eski bir paketten faydalan\u0131r. D\u00fczenli g\u00fcncelleme ayr\u0131ca performans iyile\u015ftirmelerini ve hata d\u00fczeltmelerini de sunucunuza ta\u015f\u0131r. VPS ve VDS sunucularda bu i\u015flem i\u015fletim sistemi d\u00fczeyinde sizin sorumlulu\u011funuzdad\u0131r; Narhost altyap\u0131y\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar, paket y\u00f6netimi sunucuyu teslim alan m\u00fc\u015fteriye aittir.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/debian-guncelleme-nasil-yapilir-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"sunucu paketleri nas\u0131l g\u00fcncellenir ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 paket listesi yenileme, y\u00fckseltme, kernel\/yeniden ba\u015flatma kontrol\u00fc ve otomatik g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemesi ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Paket g\u00fcncelleme s\u0131ras\u0131 d\u00f6rt a\u015famada \u00f6zetlenir: paket listesini yenileme, mevcut paketleri y\u00fckseltme, kernel\/yeniden ba\u015flatma kontrol\u00fc, otomatik g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemesini etkinle\u015ftirme.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Paket G\u00fcncelleme<\/h2>\n<h3>Y\u00f6ntem 1 \u2014 Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da <a href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/server\/docs\/package-management\" title=\"Ubuntu Server paket y\u00f6netimi resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">apt<\/a><\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Paket listesini yenileyin:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt update<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: depo indeksleri g\u00fcncellenir, ka\u00e7 paketin y\u00fckseltilebilir oldu\u011fu listelenir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paketleri y\u00fckseltin.<\/strong><code>apt upgrade<\/code> mevcut paketleri kald\u0131rmadan y\u00fckseltir; ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gerektiren b\u00fcy\u00fck ge\u00e7i\u015flerde <code>apt full-upgrade<\/code> gerekli paketleri kald\u0131r\u0131p ekleyerek daha kapsaml\u0131 bir y\u00fckseltme yapar.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt upgradesudo apt full-upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: paketler en son s\u00fcr\u00fcme y\u00fckseltilir; onay istemi \u00e7\u0131karsa <code>Y<\/code> ile devam edin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Art\u0131k kullan\u0131lmayan paketleri temizleyin:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt autoremove<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: eski kernel s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 kalmam\u0131\u015f paketler kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, disk alan\u0131 bo\u015fal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Y\u00f6ntem 2 \u2014 AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <a href=\"https:\/\/dnf.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/command_ref.html\" title=\"DNF komut referans\u0131 resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonu \u2014 dnf.readthedocs.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dnf<\/a><\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>G\u00fcncellenebilir paketleri listeleyin (kurulum yapmaz):<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dnf check-update<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: y\u00fckseltilebilir paketlerin listesi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, sisteme dokunulmaz.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00fcm paketleri g\u00fcncelleyin:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dnf update<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: paketler en son kararl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcme y\u00fckseltilir; onay istemine <code>y<\/code> yaz\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yaln\u0131z g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 almak isterseniz<\/strong> g\u00fcncellemeyi g\u00fcvenlik bildirimleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilirsiniz:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dnf update --security<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: yaln\u0131zca g\u00fcvenlik dan\u0131\u015fma kayd\u0131 bulunan paketler y\u00fckseltilir, di\u011ferleri dokunulmadan kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Kernel G\u00fcncellemesi ve Yeniden Ba\u015flatma<\/h3>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>Kernel paketi g\u00fcncellendiyse de\u011fi\u015fiklik yaln\u0131zca yeniden ba\u015flatmadan sonra etkinle\u015fir; canl\u0131 bir sunucuda plans\u0131z <code>reboot<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce bak\u0131m penceresi belirleyin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Yeniden ba\u015flatma gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini kontrol edin.<\/strong> AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <code>dnf-utils<\/code> paketiyle gelen <code>needs-restarting -r<\/code>, Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da <code>\/var\/run\/reboot-required<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bunu g\u00f6sterir.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo needs-restarting -rls \/var\/run\/reboot-required 2&gt;\/dev\/null &amp;&amp; echo \"yeniden ba\u015flatma gerekli\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: gerekliyse ilgili komut bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bildirir; gerekmiyorsa sessiz \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gerekliyse yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: sunucu yeniden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, yeni kernel s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Panel Kurulu Sunucularda Dikkat<\/h3>\n<p>Sunucunuzda cPanel ya da Plesk kuruluysa panel kendi \u00e7ekirdek bile\u015fenlerini ayr\u0131 bir g\u00fcncelleme mekanizmas\u0131yla y\u00f6netir. \u0130\u015fletim sistemi paketlerini <code>apt<\/code>\/<code>dnf<\/code> ile g\u00fcncellemek genelde g\u00fcvenlidir, ama panelin kendi s\u00fcr\u00fcm ge\u00e7i\u015fleri (b\u00fcy\u00fck panel s\u00fcr\u00fcm atlamalar\u0131) i\u00e7in panelin kendi g\u00fcncelleme arac\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n; ham paket y\u00f6neticisiyle panel bile\u015fenlerine dokunmak s\u00fcr\u00fcm uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Otomatik G\u00fcvenlik G\u00fcncellemeleri<\/h3>\n<p>Her seferinde elle ba\u011flanmak istemiyorsan\u0131z Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da <code>unattended-upgrades<\/code>, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <code>dnf-automatic<\/code> paketleri g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 arka planda otomatik uygular.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt install unattended-upgradessudo dnf install dnf-automatic<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: paket kurulduktan sonra ilgili servis etkinle\u015ftirilince g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri manuel m\u00fcdahale olmadan uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da <code>apt list --upgradable<\/code>, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <code>dnf check-update<\/code> bo\u015f ya da yaln\u0131z beklenen birka\u00e7 paketi listeliyorsa g\u00fcncelleme tamamlanm\u0131\u015f demektir; kernel g\u00fcncellendiyse ve yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131ysan\u0131z <code>uname -r<\/code> yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00f6stermelidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>apt update<\/code> GPG anahtar hatas\u0131 veriyor.<\/strong> Depo imzalama anahtar\u0131 s\u00fcresi dolmu\u015f olabilir; da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n resm\u00ee belgesindeki anahtar yenileme ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>dnf update<\/code> ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 bildiriyor.<\/strong> \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc parti bir depo \u00e7ak\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olabilir; hatada ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en depoyu <code>dnf repolist<\/code> ile kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u00fcncelleme sonras\u0131 servis aya\u011fa kalkm\u0131yor.<\/strong> Servisin durumunu kontrol edip yeniden ba\u015flatma ad\u0131mlar\u0131na bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sunucu g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurulu de\u011filse<\/strong> g\u00fcncellemeden \u00f6nce temel korumay\u0131 kurman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucu IP adresi, i\u015fletim sisteminiz, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z komut ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z tam hata mesaj\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">VPS ilk kurulum serisi \u2014 6\/10<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/centos-6-guvenlik-duvari-kapatma\/\" title=\"Sunucuda g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131 \u2014 Narhost Destek\">\u00d6nceki ad\u0131m: g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurulumu (5\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/swap-alani-nasil-olusturulur\/\" title=\"Swap alan\u0131 olu\u015fturma \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Sonraki ad\u0131m: swap alan\u0131 olu\u015fturma (7\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/top-htop-ile-kaynak-izleme\/\" title=\"top ve htop ile kaynak izleme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">G\u00fcncelleme sonras\u0131 kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izleme<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Sunucu paketleri nas\u0131l g\u00fcncellenir, apt upgrade ile apt full-upgrade fark\u0131 nedir?<\/h3>\n<p><code>apt upgrade<\/code> mevcut paketleri kald\u0131rmadan y\u00fckseltir; <code>apt full-upgrade<\/code> gerekti\u011finde eski paketleri kald\u0131r\u0131p yenilerini ekleyerek ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gereken b\u00fcy\u00fck ge\u00e7i\u015fleri de tamamlar.<\/p>\n<h3>dnf update ile dnf upgrade ayn\u0131 \u015fey mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet, AlmaLinux ve Rocky&#8217;de ikisi ayn\u0131 i\u015flemi yapar; <code>dnf upgrade<\/code> yaln\u0131zca eski adland\u0131rmadan gelen bir takma add\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>G\u00fcncelleme sonras\u0131 neden yeniden ba\u015flatmam gerekiyor?<\/h3>\n<p>Yaln\u0131zca kernel ya da \u00e7ekirdek k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler g\u00fcncellendiyse gerekir; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan s\u00fcre\u00e7ler eski s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc bellekte tutmaya devam eder, de\u011fi\u015fiklik ancak yeniden ba\u015flatmadan sonra etkinle\u015fir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sunucu paketleri nas\u0131l g\u00fcncellenir: Ubuntu\/Debian&#8217;da apt update\/upgrade\/full-upgrade ve autoremove, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de dnf check-update\/update\/&#8211;security, kernel g\u00fcncellemesi sonras\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flatma kontrol\u00fc, panel dikkat notu ve otomatik g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[50,195,196],"class_list":["post-527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vps-server","tag-ubuntu","tag-apt","tag-dnf"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=527"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":773,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/527\/revisions\/773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}