{"id":445,"date":"2025-09-10T12:49:32","date_gmt":"2025-09-10T09:49:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/destek.narhost.com\/?p=445"},"modified":"2026-09-12T14:53:44","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T11:53:44","slug":"linux-buyuk-boyutlu-dosyalari-nasil-bulurum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-buyuk-boyutlu-dosyalari-nasil-bulurum\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux&#8217;ta B\u00fcy\u00fck Boyutlu Dosyalar Nas\u0131l Bulunur (find, du)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son do\u011frulama: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 Ubuntu 24.04 test sunucusunda denendi<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>Linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma<\/strong> i\u015flemi i\u00e7in en h\u0131zl\u0131 yol <code>find<\/code> komutuna boyut filtresi eklemektir; klas\u00f6r toplam\u0131 de\u011fil, tek tek dosyalar\u0131n kendisi aran\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>find \/var -xdev -type f -size +50M -exec ls -lh {} \\; 2>\/dev\/null<\/code> ile 50 MB \u00fczeri dosyalar\u0131 listeleyin.<\/li>\n<li>Arama alan\u0131n\u0131 daraltmak i\u00e7in k\u00f6k <code>\/<\/code> yerine <code>\/var<\/code>, <code>\/usr<\/code>, <code>\/home<\/code> gibi belirli dizinleri hedefleyin.<\/li>\n<li>Bir dosyay\u0131 sildi\u011finiz h\u00e2lde disk bo\u015falm\u0131yorsa <code>lsof | grep deleted<\/code> ile h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tutan s\u00fcreci bulun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir; arama i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinden komutla yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, Debian 12, AlmaLinux 8\/9, Rocky 9 (coreutils <code>find<\/code>, <code>du<\/code>, <code>lsof<\/code> her da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mda yerle\u015fik ya da paket y\u00f6neticisiyle kurulur)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun herhangi bir kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131; sistem dizinlerinde sudo gerekebilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuza SSH ile ba\u011fl\u0131 ve sudo ya da root yetkili olun.<\/li>\n<li>Hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn doldu\u011funu <code>df -h<\/code> ile \u00f6nceden bilin; aramay\u0131 o b\u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 dizinlerle s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><code>find<\/code>&#8216;\u0131 k\u00f6k <code>\/<\/code> dizininde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n; t\u00fcm dosya sistemini tarar ve canl\u0131 sunucuda uzun s\u00fcrer, <code>\/var<\/code> ya da <code>\/usr<\/code> gibi belirli dizinler yeterlidir.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u00e7bir ad\u0131m dosya silmez; yaln\u0131zca listeler. Silme karar\u0131n\u0131 siz verirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Linux B\u00fcy\u00fck Dosya Bulma ile Klas\u00f6r Analizi Fark\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Disk doluluk uyar\u0131s\u0131 geldi\u011finde iki farkl\u0131 soru vard\u0131r: &#8220;hangi klas\u00f6r&#8221; ve &#8220;hangi dosya&#8221;. Klas\u00f6r bazl\u0131 toplam\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-klasor-boyutu-ogrenme\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta Klas\u00f6r Boyutu Nas\u0131l \u00d6\u011frenilir (du -sh) \u2014 Narhost Destek\"><code>du<\/code> ile \u00f6l\u00e7me<\/a> zaten ayr\u0131 bir kartta anlat\u0131l\u0131yor; linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma ise bir ad\u0131m \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ip <a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man1\/find.1.html\" title=\"find komutu resmi man sayfas\u0131 \u2014 man7.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><code>find<\/code><\/a> ile tek tek dosyalar\u0131 boyut filtresine g\u00f6re listeler. Bir klas\u00f6r b\u00fcy\u00fckse ama i\u00e7indeki tek dosya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckse <code>du<\/code> yeterlidir; belirli bir dosya t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc (log, d\u00f6k\u00fcm, yedek) ararken <code>find<\/code> daha h\u0131zl\u0131 sonu\u00e7 verir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kinci bir tuzak, silinmi\u015f ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 yer kaplayan dosyalard\u0131r: bir dosya silindi\u011finde onu a\u00e7\u0131k tutan bir servis kapanmadan disk alan\u0131 bo\u015falmaz. Bu kart bu iki konuyu birlikte ele al\u0131r; genel b\u00f6l\u00fcm dolulu\u011fu ve inode kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/\" title=\"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme kart\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-buyuk-boyutlu-dosyalari-nasil-bulurum-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 dizin se\u00e7imi, find ile boyut filtresi, uzant\u0131 daraltma, silinmi\u015f dosya kontrol\u00fc ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma d\u00f6rt ad\u0131mda \u00f6zetlenir: dizin se\u00e7imi, find ile boyut filtresi, uzant\u0131ya g\u00f6re daraltma, lsof ile silinmi\u015f-ama-a\u00e7\u0131k dosya kontrol\u00fc.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m find, du ve lsof ile Dosya Bulma<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Belirli bir dizinde b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 listeleyin.<\/strong><code>-xdev<\/code> aramay\u0131 ayn\u0131 dosya sistemiyle s\u0131n\u0131rlar, ba\u011fl\u0131 ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ge\u00e7mez.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">find \/var -xdev -type f -size +5M -exec ls -lh {} \\; 2>\/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f): en b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar apt paket \u00f6nbelle\u011finde \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131: <code>55M \/var\/cache\/apt\/pkgcache.bin<\/code>, birka\u00e7 adet 15-25M aras\u0131 <code>.deb<\/code> paket dosyas\u0131 ve <code>16M \/var\/cache\/fwupd\/metadata.xmlb<\/code>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Farkl\u0131 bir dizinde e\u015fi\u011fi y\u00fckseltip tekrarlay\u0131n.<\/strong> E\u015fik y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e liste k\u0131sal\u0131r, ger\u00e7ek \u015f\u00fcpheliler kal\u0131r.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">find \/usr -xdev -type f -size +20M -exec ls -lh {} \\; 2>\/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f): en b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar payla\u015f\u0131lan k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir dosyalard\u0131, \u00f6rnek: <code>118M \/usr\/lib\/llvm-18\/lib\/libLLVM.so.1<\/code>, <code>107M \/usr\/bin\/dockerd<\/code>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Belirli bir uzant\u0131y\u0131 hedefleyin.<\/strong> Log ar\u015fivleri ya da veritaban\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcmleri genelde belirli bir uzant\u0131da birikir.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">find \/var\/log -xdev -type f -name \"*.gz\" -size +10M 2>\/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: test sunucusunda 10 MB \u00fczeri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f log yoktu (bo\u015f \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131); varsa dosya yolu tek sat\u0131rda listelenir, \u00f6nce i\u00e7eri\u011fine bak\u0131p sonra silinir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bir dizin alt\u0131ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tekil dosyalar\u0131 <code>du<\/code> ile de bulabilirsiniz.<\/strong><code>find<\/code>&#8216;a alternatif, ayn\u0131 sonuca farkl\u0131 bir yoldan ula\u015f\u0131r.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">du -ah \/var\/cache 2>\/dev\/null | sort -rh | head -5<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dizin alt\u0131ndaki dosya ve klas\u00f6rler boyuta g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fckten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011fe s\u0131ralan\u0131r; <code>-a<\/code> bayra\u011f\u0131 dosyalar\u0131 da (yaln\u0131zca klas\u00f6rleri de\u011fil) listeye katar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sildi\u011finiz dosya disk alan\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015faltm\u0131yorsa a\u00e7\u0131k tutan s\u00fcreci bulun.<\/strong> Bir dosya silindi\u011finde onu a\u00e7\u0131k tutan servis kapanmadan alan serbest kalmaz; <a href=\"https:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man8\/lsof.8.html\" title=\"lsof komutu resmi man sayfas\u0131 \u2014 man7.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><code>lsof<\/code><\/a> a\u00e7\u0131k dosya tablosunu listeler.\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">lsof 2>\/dev\/null | grep deleted<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7 (test sunucusunda al\u0131nan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131): <code>ovsdb-server 1093 root 6u REG 252,0 330 263802 \/tmp\/#263802 (deleted)<\/code> \u2014 dosya silinmi\u015f ama <code>ovsdb-server<\/code> s\u00fcreci h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tutuyor; s\u00fcre\u00e7 ad\u0131 ve PID buradan okunur.<\/p>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck bir dosyay\u0131 sildi\u011finiz h\u00e2lde disk dolu kal\u0131yorsa, ilgili servisi (&#8220;(deleted)&#8221; sat\u0131r\u0131ndaki komut ad\u0131) yeniden ba\u015flatmadan alan bo\u015falmaz. Servisi durdurmadan \u00f6nce hangi s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu <code>lsof<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011frulay\u0131n; rastgele bir servisi durdurmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p><code>find<\/code> ile listelenen b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar tan\u0131d\u0131k ve gerekliyse (g\u00fcncel yedek, aktif log) dokunmay\u0131n; gereksizse silin ve <code>df -h<\/code> ile bo\u015falan alan\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n. Alan bo\u015falmad\u0131ysa <code>lsof | grep deleted<\/code>&#8216;e tekrar bak\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>find \u00e7ok yava\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ya da zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na giriyor.<\/strong> K\u00f6k <code>\/<\/code> dizininde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n; <code>\/var<\/code>, <code>\/usr<\/code>, <code>\/home<\/code> gibi belirli dizinlerle s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hangi klas\u00f6r\u00fcn genel olarak b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlam\u0131yorsunuz.<\/strong> \u00d6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-klasor-boyutu-ogrenme\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta Klas\u00f6r Boyutu Nas\u0131l \u00d6\u011frenilir (du -sh) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">klas\u00f6r boyutu \u00f6\u011frenme kart\u0131ndaki<\/a> ad\u0131mlarla \u00fcst seviyeden bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u00f6l\u00fcm dolulu\u011fu ve inode fark\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt edemiyorsunuz.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/\" title=\"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme kart\u0131<\/a><code>df -h<\/code>\/<code>df -i<\/code> ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temizlik sonras\u0131 disk kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak yetersiz.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-xfs-disk-genisletme\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da XFS Disk Nas\u0131l Geni\u015fletilir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">disk geni\u015fletme kart\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucunuzun IP adresi, arad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z dizin, <code>find<\/code> komutunun tam \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 ve varsa <code>lsof | grep deleted<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonraki ad\u0131mlar<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS\/VDS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-klasor-boyutu-ogrenme\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta Klas\u00f6r Boyutu Nas\u0131l \u00d6\u011frenilir (du -sh) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Klas\u00f6r baz\u0131nda boyut \u00f6\u011frenme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/\" title=\"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du) \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Genel disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-xfs-disk-genisletme\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da XFS Disk Nas\u0131l Geni\u015fletilir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Disk yetersizse geni\u015fletme<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma i\u015flemini k\u00f6k dizinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir miyim?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz ama \u00f6nerilmez; <code>find \/<\/code> t\u00fcm dosya sistemini (ba\u011fl\u0131 a\u011f s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri dahil) tarar ve canl\u0131 bir sunucuda uzun s\u00fcr\u00fcp G\/\u00c7 y\u00fck\u00fc olu\u015fturur. Aramay\u0131 <code>\/var<\/code>, <code>\/usr<\/code>, <code>\/home<\/code> gibi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan dizinle s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<h3>find ile du farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7 veriyor, hangisine g\u00fcveneyim?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0130kisi de do\u011frudur, farkl\u0131 d\u00fczeyde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: <code>find -size<\/code> tek dosyalar\u0131 filtreler, <code>du<\/code> bir dizinin toplam\u0131n\u0131 verir. Tek bir b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya ar\u0131yorsan\u0131z <code>find<\/code>, bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn genel a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyorsan\u0131z <code>du<\/code> daha uygundur.<\/p>\n<h3>Bir dosyay\u0131 sildim ama df -h h\u00e2l\u00e2 dolu g\u00f6steriyor, neden?<\/h3>\n<p>Dosyay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutan bir servis (log yazan bir uygulama, veritaban\u0131 s\u00fcreci) kapanmadan Linux o alan\u0131 geri vermez. <code>lsof | grep deleted<\/code> ile hangi s\u00fcrecin dosyay\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 tuttu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcp servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma: find -xdev -size ile dizin bazl\u0131 arama, du -ah ile alternatif tarama, lsof | grep deleted ile silinmi\u015f ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tutulan dosyalar\u0131 tespit etme, ger\u00e7ek komut \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131yla.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,13],"tags":[237,254],"class_list":["post-445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vds-server","category-vps-server","tag-du","tag-find"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/445","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=445"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1510,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/445\/revisions\/1510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}