{"id":1117,"date":"2025-09-23T16:43:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T13:43:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/?p=1117"},"modified":"2026-09-12T04:01:15","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T01:01:15","slug":"ssh-anahtari-nasil-eklenir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ssh-anahtari-nasil-eklenir\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH Anahtar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Eklenir (VPS \u0130lk Kurulum 4\/10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 AlmaLinux 9 ve Ubuntu 24.04 resm\u00ee dok\u00fcman\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>SSH anahtar\u0131 nas\u0131l eklenir<\/strong> sorusunun k\u0131sa cevab\u0131: bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda <code>ssh-keygen<\/code> ile bir anahtar \u00e7ifti olu\u015fturur, genel anahtar\u0131 <code>ssh-copy-id<\/code> veya elle <code>~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131na eklersiniz; anahtarla giri\u015fi do\u011frulad\u0131ktan sonra parola ile giri\u015fi kapatabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Yerel bilgisayarda <code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p anahtar \u00e7iftini olu\u015fturun.<\/li>\n<li><code>ssh-copy-id -p PORT kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/code> ile genel anahtar\u0131 sunucuya kopyalay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Anahtarla giri\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 do\u011frulad\u0131ktan sonra <code>sshd_config<\/code>&#8216;ta <code>PasswordAuthentication no<\/code> yap\u0131p servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>AlmaLinux 9, Rocky 9, Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, Debian 12 \u00b7 istemci: Windows, macOS, Linux<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun root ya da sudo yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuza parolayla ba\u011flanan bir SSH oturumunuz a\u00e7\u0131k kals\u0131n; anahtar\u0131 ekledikten sonra parola giri\u015fini bu oturumu kapatmadan test edeceksiniz.<\/li>\n<li>Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zda terminal ya da PowerShell&#8217;e eri\u015fiminiz olsun (Windows&#8217;ta PuTTY\/Pageant da kullan\u0131labilir).<\/li>\n<li>Sunucu IP adresi, SSH portu ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 Narhost m\u00fc\u015fteri panelinden al\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Birden fazla ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 sunucuya ba\u011flanacaksa her kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir anahtar planlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>SSH Anahtar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Eklenir, Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/h2>\n<p>SSH anahtar\u0131, biri sizde (\u00f6zel anahtar) biri sunucuda (genel anahtar) tutulan bir kriptografik \u00e7ift \u00fczerine kurulur. Sunucu, ba\u011flanan taraf\u0131n \u00f6zel anahtara sahip oldu\u011funu do\u011frulayarak kimli\u011finizi kan\u0131tlar; parola gibi tahmin edilebilecek ya da kaba kuvvetle denenebilecek bir metin sunucuya hi\u00e7 g\u00f6nderilmez. Bu y\u00fczden anahtarla giri\u015f parolayla giri\u015ften daha g\u00fcvenli kabul edilir ve otomatik parola deneme sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen etkisiz b\u0131rak\u0131r. Anahtar \u00fcretimi ve <code>authorized_keys<\/code> mekanizmas\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/server\/docs\/how-to\/security\/openssh-server\/\" title=\"Ubuntu OpenSSH Sunucu resmi dok\u00fcman\u0131 \u2014 SSH anahtarlar\u0131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi OpenSSH sunucu dok\u00fcman\u0131nda<\/a> ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Narhost&#8217;ta VPS ve VDS sunucular y\u00f6netimsizdir: Narhost sunucuyu ve a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar, SSH anahtar\u0131 eklemek dahil i\u015fletim sistemi i\u00e7i ayarlar sunucuyu teslim alan m\u00fc\u015fteriye aittir. Bu kartta SSH anahtar\u0131 nas\u0131l eklenir sorusunu Windows, macOS ve Linux istemcileri i\u00e7in anlat\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ssh-anahtari-nasil-eklenir-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"ssh anahtar\u0131 nas\u0131l eklenir ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 anahtar olu\u015fturma, sunucuya kopyalama, do\u011frulama ve parola giri\u015fini kapatma ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>SSH anahtar\u0131 nas\u0131l eklenir sorusu d\u00f6rt ad\u0131mda \u00f6zetlenir: anahtar \u00e7iftini olu\u015fturma, genel anahtar\u0131 sunucuya kopyalama, anahtarla giri\u015fi do\u011frulama, parola giri\u015fini kapatma.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>SSH Anahtar\u0131 Ekleme Ad\u0131mlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Anahtar \u00c7iftini Olu\u015fturun<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Windows&#8217;ta PowerShell, macOS\/Linux&#8217;ta Terminal a\u00e7\u0131n<\/strong> ve \u015fu komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C \"kullanici@ornek.com\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dosya konumu sorulur, varsay\u0131lan <code>~\/.ssh\/id_ed25519<\/code> kabul edilebilir; ard\u0131ndan bir parola c\u00fcmlesi (passphrase) istenir, bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131labilir ya da girilebilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Eski bir sistemle uyumluluk gerekiyorsa<\/strong> RSA da kullan\u0131labilir:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C \"kullanici@ornek.com\"<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde <code>~\/.ssh\/id_rsa<\/code> ve <code>~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub<\/code> dosyalar\u0131 olu\u015fur; ed25519 desteklenmiyorsa bu se\u00e7enek kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>2. Genel Anahtar\u0131 Sunucuya Kopyalay\u0131n<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>ssh-copy-id ile (Linux\/macOS, \u00f6nerilen):<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ssh-copy-id -p PORT kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: parolan\u0131z bir kez daha sorulur, ard\u0131ndan &#8220;Number of key(s) added: 1&#8221; mesaj\u0131 gelir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Elle ekleme<\/strong> (ssh-copy-id yoksa ya da Windows&#8217;ta): genel anahtar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyip kopyalay\u0131n:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">cat ~\/.ssh\/id_ed25519.pub<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: <code>ssh-ed25519 AAAA...<\/code> ile ba\u015flayan tek sat\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sunucuda authorized_keys dosyas\u0131na ekleyin<\/strong> (parolayla ba\u011flan\u0131p):\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">mkdir -p ~\/.ssh &amp;&amp; chmod 700 ~\/.sshecho \"kopyalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z_sat\u0131r\" &gt;&gt; ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keyschmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dizin izni 700, dosya izni 600 olur; yanl\u0131\u015f izinlerde sshd anahtar\u0131 reddeder.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>3. Anahtarla Giri\u015fi Do\u011frulay\u0131n<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Mevcut oturumu kapatmadan yeni bir pencereden ba\u011flan\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ssh -p PORT kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: parola sorulmadan ya da yaln\u0131zca anahtar\u0131n parola c\u00fcmlesiyle ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulur.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>Anahtarla giri\u015fin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <strong>ikinci bir pencerede<\/strong> do\u011frulamadan parolayla giri\u015fi kapatmay\u0131n. Anahtar dosyas\u0131 bozuksa ya da yanl\u0131\u015f sunucuya kopyaland\u0131ysa ve parola giri\u015fi kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa sunucudan kilitlenirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>4. Parola \u0130le Giri\u015fi Kapat\u0131n (\u00d6nerilir)<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>sshd_config dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u015eu sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin ya da d\u00fczenleyin:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">PasswordAuthentication no<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dosyay\u0131 kaydettikten sonra servis yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131nca parolayla giri\u015f denemeleri reddedilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: komut hatas\u0131z biter; yaln\u0131zca anahtar\u0131 olan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar ba\u011flanabilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Birden fazla kullan\u0131c\u0131 ya da birden fazla cihazdan ba\u011flanacaksan\u0131z her genel anahtar\u0131 <code>authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir sat\u0131r olarak ekleyin; her kullan\u0131c\u0131 kendi \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131n\u0131 saklar, dosya payla\u015f\u0131lmaz. PuTTY kullananlar anahtar\u0131 Pageant&#8217;a y\u00fckleyip PuTTY&#8217;nin ba\u011flant\u0131 ayarlar\u0131ndan \u00f6zel anahtar dosyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir. Windows&#8217;ta OpenSSH istemcisinin kurulumu ve <code>ssh-keygen<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/learn.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows-server\/administration\/openssh\/openssh-overview\" title=\"Windows i\u00e7in OpenSSH genel bak\u0131\u015f \u2014 Microsoft Learn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Microsoft Learn&#8217;\u00fcn resmi belgesinde<\/a> anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Yeni bir terminalden <code>ssh -p PORT kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/code> ile ba\u011flan\u0131n; parola sorulmadan (ya da yaln\u0131zca anahtar parola c\u00fcmlesiyle) giri\u015f yapabiliyorsan\u0131z anahtar do\u011fru eklenmi\u015ftir. <code>PasswordAuthentication no<\/code> ayar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131ysan\u0131z ayn\u0131 testi parolayla tekrar deneyin \u2014 reddedilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anahtar eklendi ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 parola soruyor.<\/strong><code>~\/.ssh<\/code> dizini 700, <code>authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131 600 izninde de\u011filse sshd anahtar\u0131 yok sayar; izinleri kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>&#8220;Permission denied (publickey)&#8221; hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorsunuz.<\/strong> Yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel anahtar dosyas\u0131 g\u00f6steriliyor olabilir; ba\u011flant\u0131da <code>-i ~\/.ssh\/id_ed25519<\/code> ile do\u011fru dosyay\u0131 belirtin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anahtar\u0131 kaybettiniz ya da parola giri\u015fini erken kapatt\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/konsol-baglantisi-ile-sunucuya-nasil-erisilir\/\" title=\"Konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ile sunucuya eri\u015fim \u2014 Narhost Destek\">konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/a> ile sunucuya SSH d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan eri\u015fip <code>authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSH portu \u00f6zel bir numaraysa ba\u011flanam\u0131yorsunuz.<\/strong> \u00d6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ssh-portu-nasil-degistirilir\/\" title=\"SSH portu de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">SSH portu de\u011fi\u015ftirme<\/a> kart\u0131ndaki port numaras\u0131n\u0131 <code>-p<\/code> parametresiyle belirtin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucu IP adresi, i\u015fletim sisteminiz, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z istemci (terminal\/PuTTY) ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hata mesaj\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">VPS ilk kurulum serisi \u2014 4\/10<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ssh-portu-nasil-degistirilir\/\" title=\"SSH portu de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">\u00d6nceki ad\u0131m: SSH portu de\u011fi\u015ftirme (3\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/centos-6-guvenlik-duvari-kapatma\/\" title=\"Sunucuda g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 UFW ve firewalld kurulumu \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Sonraki ad\u0131m: g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurulumu (5\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/konsol-baglantisi-ile-sunucuya-nasil-erisilir\/\" title=\"Konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ile sunucuya eri\u015fim \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Kilitlenirseniz: konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Ayn\u0131 sunucuda birden fazla SSH anahtar\u0131 olabilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet. <code>authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131na her genel anahtar\u0131 ayr\u0131 bir sat\u0131r olarak eklerseniz, o anahtarlardan herhangi biriyle giri\u015f yap\u0131labilir; ekip \u00fcyeleri ya da birden fazla cihaz i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m budur.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00d6zel anahtar\u0131m\u0131 kaybedersem ne olur?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00d6zel anahtar yaln\u0131zca sizde durur, sunucuda kopyas\u0131 yoktur; kaybederseniz o anahtarla giri\u015f yapamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Parola giri\u015fi kapal\u0131ysa ve tek anahtar\u0131n\u0131z buysa sunucuya <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/konsol-baglantisi-ile-sunucuya-nasil-erisilir\/\" title=\"Konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ile sunucuya eri\u015fim \u2014 Narhost Destek\">konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/a> ile eri\u015fip yeni bir anahtar eklemeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3>PuTTY kullan\u0131yorum, ssh-keygen&#8217;i nas\u0131l kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131m?<\/h3>\n<p>PuTTY&#8217;nin kendi anahtar \u00fcretici arac\u0131 PuTTYgen ayn\u0131 i\u015flemi yapar; olu\u015fan genel anahtar\u0131 sunucudaki <code>authorized_keys<\/code> dosyas\u0131na ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle eklersiniz, \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131 ise Pageant&#8217;a y\u00fckleyip PuTTY ba\u011flant\u0131 ayarlar\u0131nda g\u00f6sterirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SSH anahtar\u0131 nas\u0131l eklenir: ssh-keygen ile anahtar \u00e7ifti olu\u015fturma, ssh-copy-id veya elle authorized_keys ekleme, anahtarla giri\u015fi do\u011frulama, parola giri\u015fini kapatma, birden fazla anahtar\/kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve PuTTY notu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[95,179],"class_list":["post-1117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vps-server","tag-almalinux","tag-guvenlik-2"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1117"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1449,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117\/revisions\/1449"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}