{"id":1097,"date":"2025-09-23T16:37:58","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T13:37:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/?p=1097"},"modified":"2026-09-12T04:16:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T01:16:14","slug":"linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux Sunucuda Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Nas\u0131l Denetlenir (df, du)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 AlmaLinux 9 ve Ubuntu 24.04 resm\u00ee dok\u00fcman\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme<\/strong> i\u015fi iki katmanda yap\u0131l\u0131r: <code>df -h<\/code> ile b\u00f6l\u00fcm baz\u0131nda dolulu\u011fu, <code>df -i<\/code> ile inode kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz; ard\u0131ndan <code>du -sh \/* 2>\/dev\/null | sort -rh | head<\/code> ile hangi klas\u00f6r\u00fcn yer kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulursunuz.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Genel doluluk i\u00e7in <code>df -h<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n; hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcm (<code>\/<\/code>, <code>\/var<\/code>, <code>\/home<\/code>) dolu g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130node t\u00fckenmesini elemek i\u00e7in <code>df -i<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n; kullan\u0131m y\u00fczdesi burada da y\u00fcksekse dosya say\u0131s\u0131 sorunu vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Klas\u00f6r bazl\u0131 yer kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in <code>du -sh \/* 2>\/dev\/null | sort -rh | head -15<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir, denetim i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinden komutla yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, AlmaLinux 9 (VPS\/VDS i\u015fletim sistemleri, komutlar ortak)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun root ya da sudo yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuza SSH ile ba\u011fl\u0131 ve <code>sudo<\/code> ya da root yetkili olun.<\/li>\n<li>Hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin (<code>\/<\/code>, <code>\/var<\/code>, <code>\/home<\/code>) ayr\u0131 birer point oldu\u011funu bilin; <code>df -h<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131ndaki <code>Mounted on<\/code> s\u00fctunu bunu g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<li>Veritaban\u0131 ve log dizinlerinin nerede tutuldu\u011funu bilin; <code>find<\/code> komutu t\u00fcm dosya sistemini tarayabildi\u011fi i\u00e7in canl\u0131 sunucuda gereksiz yere geni\u015f dizinlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>Yorumlu bir i\u015flem de\u011fildir, hi\u00e7bir komut veri silmez; yaln\u0131zca &#8220;Gereksiz Dosyalar\u0131 Silme&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki ad\u0131mlar dosya kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Linux Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Denetleme Neden \u00d6nemli<\/h2>\n<p>Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm y\u00fczde 100 doldu\u011funda yazma i\u015flemleri ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olur: MySQL\/MariaDB &#8220;disk full&#8221; hatas\u0131yla salt okunur moda ge\u00e7ebilir, log rotation durur, PHP oturum dosyalar\u0131 yaz\u0131lamaz ve web sunucusu 500 hatas\u0131 vermeye ba\u015flar. Narhost&#8217;ta VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir: Narhost sunucuyu ve a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar, disk denetimi ve temizli\u011fi sunucunuzda sizin sorumlulu\u011funuzdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Acil durumda s\u0131ra \u015f\u00f6yledir: \u00f6nce <code>df -h<\/code> ile en dolu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc bulun, ard\u0131ndan <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntuda-gereksiz-dosyalar-ve-onbellek-nasil-silinir\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da gereksiz dosyalar ve \u00f6nbellek nas\u0131l silinir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">paket \u00f6nbelle\u011fi ve g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri h\u0131zl\u0131ca temizleyin<\/a>, sonra <code>du<\/code> ile b\u00fcy\u00fck klas\u00f6r\u00fc, <code>find<\/code> ile b\u00fcy\u00fck tekil dosyay\u0131 hedefleyin. Komutlar <a href=\"https:\/\/manpages.ubuntu.com\/manpages\/noble\/en\/man1\/df.1.html\" title=\"df komutu \u2014 Ubuntu Manpages resmi belgesi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi df belgesine<\/a> dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/linux-sunucuda-disk-kullanimi-nasil-denetlenir-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 b\u00f6l\u00fcm dolulu\u011fu, inode kontrol\u00fc, klas\u00f6r analizi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya tespiti ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme d\u00f6rt ad\u0131mda \u00f6zetlenir: b\u00f6l\u00fcm dolulu\u011fu, inode kontrol\u00fc, klas\u00f6r bazl\u0131 analiz, b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya ve temizlik.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m df, du, find ve lsof ile Denetim<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>B\u00f6l\u00fcm dolulu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcn.<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">df -h<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: her b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn <code>Size<\/code>, <code>Used<\/code>, <code>Avail<\/code> ve <code>Use%<\/code> de\u011ferleri listelenir; <code>Use%<\/code> y\u00fczde 90&#8217;\u0131n \u00fczerindeyse acil m\u00fcdahale gerekir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130node kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/strong> Disk bo\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnse bile \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dosya inode&#8217;lar\u0131 t\u00fcketip &#8220;No space left on device&#8221; hatas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">df -i<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: <code>IUse%<\/code> s\u00fctunu y\u00fczde 100&#8217;e yak\u0131nsa sorun disk alan\u0131 de\u011fil dosya say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r (\u00f6rnek: milyonlarca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6nbellek dosyas\u0131).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Klas\u00f6r bazl\u0131 analiz yap\u0131n.<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">du -sh \/* 2>\/dev\/null | sort -rh | head -15<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: k\u00f6k dizinler b\u00fcy\u00fckten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011fe s\u0131ralan\u0131r; \u015f\u00fcpheli dizine <code>du -h --max-depth=1 \/var\/\u015f\u00fcpheli | sort -rh<\/code> ile bir seviye daha inilir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>En b\u00fcy\u00fck tekil dosyalar\u0131 bulun.<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">find \/ -xdev -type f -size +100M -exec ls -lh {} \\; 2>\/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: 100 MB \u00fczeri dosyalar boyutlar\u0131yla listelenir; genelde eski yedek, log ar\u015fivi ya da unutulmu\u015f veritaban\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Silinmi\u015f ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 yer kaplayan dosyalar\u0131 bulun.<\/strong> Bir dosya silindi\u011finde a\u00e7\u0131k tutan servis kapanmadan disk alan\u0131 bo\u015falmaz:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">lsof | grep deleted<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: &#8220;(deleted)&#8221; etiketli sat\u0131rlar hangi servisin hangi b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyay\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tuttu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck bir log dosyas\u0131n\u0131 sildi\u011finiz h\u00e2lde disk dolu kal\u0131yorsa, dosyay\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tutan servis (genelde bir uygulama ya da veritaban\u0131 s\u00fcreci) yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmadan alan serbest kalmaz. Servisi kapatmadan \u00f6nce hangi s\u00fcre\u00e7 oldu\u011funu <code>lsof<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131ndan do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0130zleme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurun.<\/strong> Elle kontrol\u00fc unutmamak i\u00e7in cron ile haftal\u0131k bir uyar\u0131 ekleyin:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">echo '0 8 * * 1 root df -h | mail -s \"Haftal\u0131k disk raporu\" ornek@ornek.com' | sudo tee -a \/etc\/crontab<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: her pazartesi 08:00&#8217;de disk raporu belirtilen adrese g\u00f6nderilir; posta g\u00f6nderimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorsa \u00f6nce sunucunun mail yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p><code>df -h<\/code> ve <code>df -i<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 not al\u0131p bir hafta sonra tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n; art\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sunucuda yerle\u015fmi\u015f demektir. Canl\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in <code>watch -n 60 df -h<\/code> kullanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 Sorun Bulamad\u0131ysan\u0131z<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Disk %100&#8217;e ula\u015ft\u0131, acil yer gerekiyor.<\/strong> \u00d6nce <a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntuda-gereksiz-dosyalar-ve-onbellek-nasil-silinir\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da gereksiz dosyalar ve \u00f6nbellek nas\u0131l silinir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Ubuntu temizlik kart\u0131ndaki<\/a> apt\/journalctl ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Belirli bir dosya t\u00fcr\u00fc \u015f\u00fcpheli.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-buyuk-boyutlu-dosyalari-nasil-bulurum\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu dosyalar\u0131 bulma \u2014 Narhost Destek\">b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma kart\u0131ndaki<\/a> filtrelerle (uzant\u0131, tarih) daha dar bir arama yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn neden b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlam\u0131yorsunuz.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-klasor-boyutu-ogrenme\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta klas\u00f6r boyutu \u00f6\u011frenme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">klas\u00f6r boyutu kart\u0131<\/a> derinlemesine analiz ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Temizlik yeterli gelmiyor, disk kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak yetersiz.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-xfs-disk-genisletme\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da XFS disk geni\u015fletme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">disk geni\u015fletme kart\u0131na<\/a> bak\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucunuzun IP adresi, <code>df -h<\/code> ve <code>df -i<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131, <code>du -sh \/*<\/code> sonucunda en b\u00fcy\u00fck 5 dizin.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonraki ad\u0131mlar<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-buyuk-boyutlu-dosyalari-nasil-bulurum\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlu dosyalar\u0131 bulma \u2014 Narhost Destek\">B\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 tek tek bulma<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/linux-klasor-boyutu-ogrenme\/\" title=\"Linux&#039;ta klas\u00f6r boyutu \u00f6\u011frenme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Klas\u00f6r boyutunu derinlemesine \u00f6\u011frenme<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntuda-gereksiz-dosyalar-ve-onbellek-nasil-silinir\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da gereksiz dosyalar ve \u00f6nbellek nas\u0131l silinir \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Gereksiz dosya ve \u00f6nbellek temizli\u011fi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ubuntu-xfs-disk-genisletme\/\" title=\"Ubuntu&#039;da XFS disk geni\u015fletme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Disk yetersizse geni\u015fletme<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla yap\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Sabit bir s\u0131kl\u0131k yoktur; haftal\u0131k cron uyar\u0131s\u0131 yeterlidir. Kullan\u0131m yo\u011funlu\u011fu artan sunucularda (yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri, artan trafik) kontrol s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe \u00e7ekilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3><code>df -h<\/code> ile <code>du -sh<\/code> farkl\u0131 say\u0131 veriyor, hangisi do\u011fru?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0130kisi de do\u011frudur, farkl\u0131 \u015feyi \u00f6l\u00e7er. <code>df<\/code> dosya sistemi seviyesinde ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alan\u0131, <code>du<\/code> dosyalar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek boyutunu g\u00f6sterir; aradaki fark genelde silinmi\u015f ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 a\u00e7\u0131k tutulan dosyalardan (<code>lsof | grep deleted<\/code>) kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0130node doluysa disk alan\u0131 bo\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr m\u00fc?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet, <code>df -h<\/code> bo\u015f alan g\u00f6sterse bile <code>df -i<\/code>&#8216;de <code>IUse%<\/code> y\u00fczde 100&#8217;eyse yeni dosya olu\u015fturulamaz. Bu genelde \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dosyan\u0131n (oturum, \u00f6nbellek, e-posta kuyru\u011fu) birikmesinden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Disk y\u00fczde 100 dolunca sunucu kapan\u0131r m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r, sunucu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder ama yazma gerektiren i\u015flemler (veritaban\u0131, log, oturum, e-posta) hata vermeye ba\u015flar; okuma i\u015flemleri genelde etkilenmez.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux disk kullan\u0131m\u0131 denetleme rehberi: df -h ve df -i fark\u0131, du -sh klas\u00f6r analizi, find ile b\u00fcy\u00fck dosya bulma, lsof ile silinmi\u015f-ama-a\u00e7\u0131k dosyalar ve cron izleme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[24,56,74],"class_list":["post-1097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vps-server","tag-linux","tag-disk","tag-sunucu"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1097"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1454,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1097\/revisions\/1454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}