{"id":1083,"date":"2025-09-23T16:32:48","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T13:32:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/?p=1083"},"modified":"2026-09-12T04:01:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T01:01:07","slug":"ssh-portu-nasil-degistirilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ssh-portu-nasil-degistirilir\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH Portu Nas\u0131l De\u011fi\u015ftirilir (VPS \u0130lk Kurulum 3\/10)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"kb-dogrulama\">Son g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme: Eyl\u00fcl 2026 \u00b7 AlmaLinux 9 ve Ubuntu 24.04 resm\u00ee dok\u00fcman\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/p>\n<div id=\"hizli-cozum\" class=\"ai-box ai-box--cozum\">\n<p class=\"ai-box-title\">H\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/p>\n<p><strong>SSH portu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirilir<\/strong> sorusunun k\u0131sa cevab\u0131: <code>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda <code>Port<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 yeni bir numarayla de\u011fi\u015ftirir, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de SELinux&#8217;ta bu portu tan\u0131mlar, g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131nda a\u00e7ar, servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131p eski oturumu kapatmadan yeni bir pencereyle test edersiniz.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code> ile dosyay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p <code>Port<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fin <code>Port 2222<\/code> yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de <code>sudo semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp 2222<\/code> ile SELinux izni verin.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131nda yeni portu a\u00e7\u0131n (firewalld: <code>--add-port<\/code>, UFW: <code>allow<\/code>) ve <code>sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/code> ile servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"kb-uyg\">\n<tr>\n<th>Panel<\/th>\n<td>Yok \u2014 VPS\/VDS y\u00f6netimsizdir; panel kurulu sunucularda (cPanel\/Plesk) panelin g\u00fcvenlik ayar\u0131 da g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Sistem<\/th>\n<td>AlmaLinux 9, Rocky 9 (SELinux + firewalld) \u00b7 Ubuntu 22.04\/24.04, Debian 12 (UFW)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Yetki<\/th>\n<td>Sunucunuzun root ya da sudo yetkili kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Narhost \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/th>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/vps-sunucu\" title=\"Narhost VPS Sunucu paketleri\">VPS Sunucu<\/a>, VDS Sunucu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"kb-once\">\n<p class=\"label\">Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sunucunuza mevcut portla ba\u011flanan bir SSH oturumunuz a\u00e7\u0131k kals\u0131n; port de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini bu oturumu kapatmadan test edeceksiniz.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ve varsa SELinux ayar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilecek root ya da sudo yetkiniz olsun.<\/li>\n<li>Yeni port numaras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nceden belirleyin: 1024 \u00fczeri, 65535 alt\u0131, kullan\u0131lmayan bir numara.<\/li>\n<li>Panel kurulu bir sunucudaysan\u0131z (cPanel\/Plesk) panelin kendi g\u00fcvenlik ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 da kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>SSH Portu Nas\u0131l De\u011fi\u015ftirilir, Neden Gerekir<\/h2>\n<p>Varsay\u0131lan SSH portu 22, internetteki otomatik tarama ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n en s\u0131k denedi\u011fi porttur; sunucunuz a\u00e7\u0131k kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece bu port s\u00fcrekli parola deneme trafi\u011fi al\u0131r. Portu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek bu otomatik taramalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 sunucunuzdan uzak tutar, ama tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemi de\u011fildir \u2014 hedefli bir sald\u0131rgan\u0131 yava\u015flatmaz. Ger\u00e7ek g\u00fcvenlik anahtar tabanl\u0131 giri\u015ften, g\u00fcncel yaz\u0131l\u0131mdan ve do\u011fru g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurallar\u0131ndan gelir; port de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi bunlar\u0131n \u00fczerine eklenen tek bir katmand\u0131r. <code>Port<\/code> direktifinin s\u00f6zdizimi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.openssh.org\/manual.html\" title=\"OpenSSH resmi k\u0131lavuz sayfalar\u0131 \u2014 sshd_config referans\u0131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenSSH&#8217;\u0131n resmi k\u0131lavuz sayfalar\u0131nda<\/a> tan\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Narhost&#8217;ta VPS ve VDS sunucular y\u00f6netimsizdir: Narhost sunucuyu ve a\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flar, SSH portu dahil i\u015fletim sistemi i\u00e7i ayarlar sunucuyu teslim alan m\u00fc\u015fteriye aittir. Bu kartta SSH portu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirilir sorusunu AlmaLinux\/Rocky ve Ubuntu\/Debian i\u00e7in, kendinizi kilitlemeden anlat\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"nh-sema\"><img src=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ssh-portu-nasil-degistirilir-sema-narhost.webp\" alt=\"ssh portu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirilir ak\u0131\u015f \u015femas\u0131 \u2014 sshd_config, SELinux izni, g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ve servis yeniden ba\u015flatma ad\u0131mlar\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"500\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>SSH portu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirilir sorusu d\u00f6rt ad\u0131mda \u00f6zetlenir: sshd_config&#x27;te portu de\u011fi\u015ftirme, SELinux&#x27;ta izin verme, g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131nda a\u00e7ma, servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131p test etme.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>SSH Portu De\u011fi\u015ftirme Ad\u0131mlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<h3>1. sshd_config Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleyin<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>Sunucunuza SSH ile ba\u011flan\u0131n<\/strong> ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dosya d\u00fczenleyicide a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r, <code>#Port 22<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Port sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirin.<\/strong> Ba\u015f\u0131ndaki <code>#<\/code> i\u015faretini kald\u0131r\u0131p 1024\u201365535 aras\u0131nda bir numara yaz\u0131n:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">Port 2222<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: dosyay\u0131 kaydetti\u011finizde sat\u0131r <code>Port 2222<\/code> olarak kal\u0131r (\u00f6rnek numara; kendi se\u00e7iminizi kullan\u0131n).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>Bu ad\u0131mdan sonra servisi yeniden ba\u015flatmadan \u00f6nce mutlaka g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ve SELinux izinlerini tamamlay\u0131n; aksi h\u00e2lde yeni port hemen kapal\u0131 kal\u0131r ve eski portu kapatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda sunucudan kendinizi kilitlersiniz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>2. AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de SELinux&#8217;ta Port \u0130zni Verin<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>SELinux politika arac\u0131n\u0131 kurun<\/strong> (kurulu de\u011filse):\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dnf install -y policycoreutils-python-utils<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: paket kurulur, <code>semanage<\/code> komutu kullan\u0131labilir h\u00e2le gelir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yeni portu SSH ba\u011flam\u0131na ekleyin:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp 2222<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: komut sessizce biter; <code>sudo semanage port -l | grep ssh_port_t<\/code> ile yeni portun listede g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frulayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ubuntu ve Debian&#8217;da SELinux varsay\u0131lan olarak gelmez; bu ad\u0131m yaln\u0131zca AlmaLinux ve Rocky i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n<h3>3. G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131nda Yeni Portu A\u00e7\u0131n<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>firewalld (AlmaLinux\/Rocky):<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2222\/tcpsudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: her iki komut da &#8220;success&#8221; d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>UFW (Ubuntu\/Debian):<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo ufw allow 2222\/tcp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: &#8220;Rules updated&#8221; mesaj\u0131 gelir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>4. Servisi Yeniden Ba\u015flat\u0131n ve Test Edin<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"kb-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>SSH servisini yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: komut hatas\u0131z biter; <code>sudo systemctl status sshd<\/code> &#8220;active (running)&#8221; g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Servisin yeni portta dinledi\u011fini do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo ss -tnlp | grep sshd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p class=\"kb-cikti\">Beklenen sonu\u00e7: \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131da <code>:2222<\/code> ile biten bir sat\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"warn-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Dikkat<\/p>\n<p>Mevcut SSH oturumunuzu kapatmadan <strong>ikinci bir terminal penceresiyle<\/strong> yeni portu deneyin. Ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulmazsa ilk oturumu a\u00e7\u0131k tutarak sshd_config, SELinux ve g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar kontrol edin; ilk pencereyi kapat\u0131r ve ba\u011flant\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa sunucudan kilitlenirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>cPanel veya Plesk kurulu bir VPS\/VDS&#8217;de panel aray\u00fcz\u00fcnde de ek bir g\u00fcvenlik ayar\u0131 olabilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin cPanel&#8217;de &#8220;cPHulk Brute Force Protection&#8221; beyaz listesi); i\u015fletim sistemi taraf\u0131nda port de\u011fi\u015ftikten sonra paneldeki bu ayar\u0131 da g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin. UFW kurallar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z dizimi ve kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/server\/docs\/how-to\/security\/firewalls\/\" title=\"Ubuntu Sunucu G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (UFW) resmi dok\u00fcman\u0131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi sunucu dok\u00fcman\u0131nda<\/a> anlat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Do\u011frulama<\/h2>\n<div class=\"success-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Eski SSH penceresini a\u00e7\u0131k tutarken yeni bir terminal veya PuTTY oturumuyla <code>ssh -p 2222 kullanici@sunucu_ip<\/code> komutunu deneyin. Ba\u011flant\u0131 parola ya da anahtar istiyor ve giri\u015f ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131ysa yeni port \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor demektir; ancak bu testten sonra eski oturumu kapat\u0131n ve isterseniz 22 numaral\u0131 eski portu g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131ndan kald\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>H\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmediyse<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Yeni portta ba\u011flant\u0131 reddediliyor.<\/strong> sshd_config&#8217;te <code>Port<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n yorumdan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve servisin yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun; <code>ss -tnlp<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131nda port g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyorsa servis eski ayarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordur.<\/li>\n<li><strong>AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de ba\u011flant\u0131 zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011fruyor.<\/strong> SELinux izni eksik olabilir; <code>sudo semanage port -l | grep ssh_port_t<\/code> ile portun listede oldu\u011funu kontrol edin ve gerekirse tekrar ekleyin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kural\u0131 eklendi ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 eri\u015fim yok.<\/strong> firewalld&#8217;de <code>--reload<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 unutmu\u015f olabilirsiniz; UFW&#8217;de <code>sudo ufw status<\/code> ile kural\u0131n listede g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sunucudan tamamen kilitlendiniz.<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/konsol-baglantisi-ile-sunucuya-nasil-erisilir\/\" title=\"Konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ile sunucuya eri\u015fim \u2014 Narhost Destek\">konsol ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/a> g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ve SSH&#8217;dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; buradan dosyay\u0131 eski h\u00e2line d\u00f6nd\u00fcrebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"cta-box\">\n<p class=\"label\">Narhost deste\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Talebe \u015funlar\u0131 ekleyin: sunucu IP adresi, i\u015fletim sisteminiz (AlmaLinux\/Rocky\/Ubuntu\/Debian), denedi\u011finiz port numaras\u0131 ve ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hata mesaj\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta-btn\" href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/submitticket.php\" title=\"Narhost destek talebi olu\u015ftur\">Destek talebi a\u00e7<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-ilgili\">\n<p class=\"label\">VPS ilk kurulum serisi \u2014 3\/10<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/vps-vds-ilk-kurulum-rehberi\/\" title=\"VPS VDS Sunucu \u0130lk Kurulum Rehberi \u2014 Narhost Destek\">VPS ilk kurulum rehberinin tamam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/almalinux-root-sifresi-degistirme\/\" title=\"Root \u015fifresini de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">\u00d6nceki ad\u0131m: root \u015fifresini de\u011fi\u015ftirme (2\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/ssh-anahtari-nasil-eklenir\/\" title=\"SSH anahtar\u0131 ekleme \u2014 Narhost Destek\">Sonraki ad\u0131m: SSH anahtar\u0131 ekleme (4\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/sunucuya-ssh-ile-nasil-baglanilir\/\" title=\"Sunucuya SSH ile ba\u011flanma \u2014 Narhost Destek\">SSH ile sunucuya ba\u011flanma (1\/10)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kb-faq\">\n<h2>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>SSH portu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli bir g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemi midir?<\/h3>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Port de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi otomatik tarama trafi\u011fini azalt\u0131r ama hedefli bir sald\u0131r\u0131y\u0131 durdurmaz; anahtar tabanl\u0131 giri\u015fle, g\u00fcncel yaz\u0131l\u0131mla ve do\u011fru g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurallar\u0131yla birlikte kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Yeni portu g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131nda a\u00e7madan servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131rsam ne olur?<\/h3>\n<p>sshd yeni portta dinlemeye ba\u015flar ama g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 bu portu engelledi\u011fi i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ba\u011flant\u0131 kuramazs\u0131n\u0131z; eski port da devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131ysa sunucudan kilitlenirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3>Panelde (cPanel\/Plesk) ek bir ayar yapmam gerekir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Panelin kendisi SSH portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmez ama baz\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik mod\u00fclleri (\u00f6r. cPHulk) belirli portlar\u0131 izler; i\u015fletim sistemi taraf\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fiklikten sonra panel aray\u00fcz\u00fcndeki ilgili g\u00fcvenlik ayar\u0131n\u0131 da kontrol edin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SSH portu nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirilir: sshd_config d\u00fczenleme, AlmaLinux\/Rocky&#8217;de SELinux port izni (semanage), firewalld\/UFW&#8217;de yeni portu a\u00e7ma, servisi yeniden ba\u015flatma ve kilitlenmeden ikinci oturumla test etme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[95,179],"class_list":["post-1083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vps-server","tag-almalinux","tag-guvenlik-2"],"meta_box":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1083"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1246,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1083\/revisions\/1246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/narhost.com\/destek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}